Ka whakanuia te hihiri haumi mō ngā "hanganga hou" nā te mate urutā COVID-19

Ko te take i karangatia ai te "hanganga hou" he "hou" e pā ana ki ngā hanganga tuku iho pērā i te "papa tūmatanui rino", e mahi ana i te nuinga o te wā ki ngā hanganga o te taha pūtaiao me te hangarau. Ko te kaupapa hītori rite o te "hanganga hou" ko te "motu" i whakaarohia e te Perehitini o Amerika a Clinton i te tau 1993. Ko te "Huarahi Pārongo Nui", he hanganga hanganga nui i roto i te mara o ngā mōhiohio, he whānui te pānga o te mahere puta noa i te ao, ā, i hanga te kororia o te ōhanga mōhiohio o Amerika i te heke mai. I te wā o te ōhanga ahumahi, ka whakaatahia te hanganga hanganga i roto i te whakatairanga i ngā rauemi ā-tinana Te rere me te whakauru o te mekameka tuku; i te wā o te ōhanga matihiko, kua noho ko ngā whakaurunga taputapu whatunga pūkoro, raraunga nui, matauranga horihori me ētahi atu whakaurunga me ngā whakaurunga pokapū raraunga he hanganga e tika ana, e whānuitia ana hoki.

Ko te "hanganga hou" i whakaarohia i tēnei wā he whānui ake te tikanga me ngā whāinga ratonga whānui ake. Hei tauira, ko te 5G mō ngā whakawhitiwhitinga waea pūkoro, ko te UHV mō te hiko, ko te tereina tereina i waenga i ngā tāone me te tereina i waenga i ngā tāone he kawe waka, ko ngā pokapū raraunga nui mō te Ipurangi me ngā ratonga matihiko, ā, he mara whai rawa, he kanorau hoki te matauranga horihori me te Ipurangi ahumahi. Tērā pea ka puta he raruraru nā te mea kua utaina katoatia ngā mea ki roto, engari e pā ana hoki tēnei ki te kupu "hou" nā te mea kei te whanake tonu ngā mea hou.

I te tau 2019, i whakaritea e ngā tari e tika ana te pātengi raraunga kaupapa PPP ā-rohe, me te haumitanga katoa o te 17.6 trillion yuan, ā, ko te hanganga hanganga tonu te upoko nui, 7.1 trillion yuan, e 41% te nui; ko te whenua kei te tuarua, 3.4 trillion yuan, e 20% te nui; ko te "hanganga hou" he tata ki te 100 piriona yuan, e 0.5% te nui, ā, kāore i te nui te moni katoa. E ai ki ngā tatauranga o te 21st Century Business Herald, i te 5 o Poutū-te-rangi, i whakarapopototia te rārangi o ngā mahere haumi ā-muri i tukuna e te 24 porowini me ngā kaunihera, tae atu ki te 22,000 kaupapa, me te tauine katoa o te 47.6 trillion yuan, me te haumitanga kua whakaritea o te 8 trillion yuan i te tau 2020. Ko te ōwehenga o ngā "hanganga hou" kua tata ki te 10%.

I tēnei mate urutā, kua whakaatu te ōhanga matihiko i te kaha o te ora, ā, he maha ngā momo matihiko pēnei i te ao kapua, te tari kapua, me te ōhanga kapua kua tino puea ake, ā, kua tāpirihia he hihiri hou ki te hanganga "hanganga hou". Whai muri i te mate urutā, ko te whakaaro ki te whakaohooho ōhanga, ka nui ake te aro me te haumi nui ki "ngā hanganga hou", ā, ka nui ake ngā tumanakohanga mō te whakaohooho i te tipu ōhanga.

Te kaha o te whakamahinga maitai i ngā rohe e whitu

Ko te whakatakotoranga o ngā wāhanga matua e whitu o te "hanganga hou" e ahu mai ana i te ōhanga matihiko me te ōhanga atamai. Ka whai hua te umanga maitai i te pūngao nekeneke hou me te pūmanawa hou e whakaratohia ana e te "hanganga hou" ki tētahi taumata teitei ake, ā, ka whakaratohia hoki e te "Hanganga" ngā rauemi taketake e tika ana.

E whitu ngā mara e whakarōpūtia ana me te kaha o te maitai mō ngā rauemi maitai, mai i te teitei ki te iti, ko te rerewē tere-nui i waenga i ngā tāone me te tereina i waenga i ngā tāone, te UHV, te puranga utu waka pūngao hou, te teihana turanga 5G, te pokapū raraunga nui, te Ipurangi ahumahi, te mātauranga horihori.

E ai ki te "Mahere Tekau mā Toru o ngā Tau Rima" a te National Railway, ko te mahere maero pakihi tereina tere mō te tau 2020 he 30,000 kiromita. "I te tau 2019, kua eke te maero whakahaere o nāianei o te tereina tere tere ki te 35,000 kiromita, ā, kua hipa atu i te wā i whakaritea." I te tau 2020, ka haumi te tereina ā-motu i te 800 piriona yuan, ā, ka whakatūria he rārangi hou e 4,000 kiromita te roa, ko te tereina tere tere ka 2,000 kiromita. Ka arotahi ki ngā ngoikoretanga, ngā whatunga whakamuna, ā, ka rite tonu te kaha haumitanga i te tau 2019. I runga i te papamuri o te hanganga taketake o te whatunga tuara ā-motu, i te tau 2019, ka eke te maero katoa o ngā ara tāone i te whenua ki te 6,730 kiromita, he pikinga ake o te 969 kiromita, ā, ka tata ki te 700 piriona te kaha haumitanga. I runga i te putanga whakarei ake o te kaupapa here "hanganga hou", ko te hononga ā-rohe i raro i te whatunga tuara, ko ngā kaupapa whakamuna, arā, ko ngā tereina tere tere i waenga i ngā tāone me te kawe tereina i waenga i ngā tāone, ka noho hei arotahi mō ngā hanganga ā muri ake nei. Ko ngā rohe e whanake ana i te taha ōhanga, ko te kaha ake o te tono, ko te arotahi ā-rohe e whai ake nei ko te Awa Yangtze. Delta, Zhuhai E ai ki te mahere "Shanghai 2035", ka hangaia e Changjiang, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei me Changjiang he whatunga kawe tereina "e toru 1000 kiromita te roa" o ngā raina tāone, ngā raina tāone-nui, me ngā raina ā-rohe. Ko te haumitanga o te 100 miriona tāra US ki ngā rerewē me whai 0.333 te iti rawa o te whakamahinga maitai. He haumitanga o te 1 tiriona tāra US hei akiaki i te tono mō te 3333 tāne o te maitai, ā, ko te whakamahinga roa ko ngā rauemi hanga me ngā rauemi rerewē.

UHV. Ko te nuinga o tēnei mara e whakahaerehia ana e te State Grid. Kua mārama inaianei ka whakaaetia kia 7 ngā UHV i te tau 2020. Ko te nuinga o tēnei kukume maitai e whakaatahia ana i roto i te maitai hiko. I te tau 2019, ko te whakamahinga o te maitai hiko he 979 tana, kua piki ake tēnei mā te 6.6% i ngā wā maha. Whai muri i te pikinga o te haumi whatunga i kawea mai e te UHV, e matapaetia ana ka piki ake te hiahia mō te maitai hiko.

Puranga utu o ngā waka hiko hou. E ai ki te "Mahere Whakawhanake Ahumahi Waka Hiko Hou", ko te ōwehenga whakahekenga he 1:1, ā, ka tata ki te 7 miriona ngā puranga utu i Haina i te tau 2025. Ko te nuinga o te puranga utu ko te manaaki taputapu, ngā taura, ngā pou me ētahi atu rauemi āwhina. Tata ki te 20,000 te utu mō te puranga utu 7KW, ā, tata ki te 150,000 te utu mō te 120KW. Ka whakaitihia te nui o te maitai mō ngā puranga utu iti. Ko ngā mea nunui ka whakamahia he maitai mō ngā whāriki. Ki te tatauhia mō te toharite o te 0.5 tana ia, e 7 miriona ngā puranga utu e hiahia ana ki te 350 tana o te maitai.

Teihana turanga 5G. E ai ki te matapae a te China Information Communication Institute, e matapaetia ana ka eke te haumitanga a tōku whenua ki te hanganga whatunga 5G ki te 1.2 trillion yuan i te tau 2025; ko te haumitanga ki ngā taputapu 5G i te tau 2020 ka eke ki te 90.2 piriona, ā, ka haumitia te 45.1 piriona ki ngā taputapu matua, ā, ka whakaurua atu ētahi atu taputapu āwhina pēnei i ngā pou pourewa whakawhitiwhiti kōrero. E rua ngā momo hanganga 5G, arā, ngā teihana turanga nui me ngā teihana turanga moroiti. Ko te pourewa nui o waho he teihana turanga nui, ā, ko te arotahi o ngā hanganga nui o nāianei. Ko te hanganga o te teihana turanga nui he mea tito mai i ngā taputapu matua, ngā whakaurunga taputapu tautoko hiko, ngā hanganga ā-iwi, me ētahi atu. Ko te rino e whai wāhi ana ko te rūma mīhini, ngā kāpata, ngā kāpata, ngā pou pourewa whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, me ētahi atu. Ko te rahinga rino o te pou pourewa whakawhitiwhiti kōrero te nuinga, ā, ko te taumaha o te pourewa ngongo-toru noa he 8.5 Tana, engari ko te nuinga o ngā teihana turanga nui me ngā teihana turanga moroiti ka whakawhirinaki ki te 2/3/4G me ētahi atu whakaurunga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero. Ko te nuinga o ngā teihana turanga moroiti ka whakatūria ki ngā wāhi taupori nui, he iti noa te whakamahinga o te maitai. Nō reira, kāore e nui rawa te whakamahinga katoa o te maitai e whakahaerehia ana e ngā teihana turanga 5G. E ai ki te haumitanga o te teihana turanga o te 5%, e hiahiatia ana te maitai, ā, ko te haumitanga tiriona tāra ki te 5G ka piki ake te whakamahinga o te maitai mā te 50 piriona yuan.

Te pokapū raraunga nui, te mātauranga horihori, te Ipurangi ahumahi. Ko te nuinga o te haumitanga taputapu kei roto i ngā rūma rorohiko, ngā tūmau, me ētahi atu, ki te whakaritea ki ngā wāhanga e whā, he iti ake te whakamahinga tika o te maitai.

Te kitenga i te Whakamahinga Rino "Hanganga Hou" mai i ngā Tauira o Guangdong

Ahakoa he rerekē te nui o te maitai e whakamahia ana i ngā rohe nui e whitu, nā te mea he nui te wāhanga o te haumitanga me te hanga hanganga hou e ahu mai ana i te tereina, ka tino kitea te whakapiki ake i te whakamahinga maitai. E ai ki te rārangi o ngā kaupapa haumitanga i whakaputaina e te Porowini o Guangdong, e 1,230 ngā kaupapa hanga matua i te tau 2020, me te haumitanga katoa o te 5.9 trillion yuan, me te 868 ngā kaupapa tuatahi, me te haumitanga katoa e matapaetia ana o te 3.4 trillion yuan. Ko te hanganga hou he 1 trillion yuan tonu, e 10% o te mahere haumitanga katoa o te 9.3 trillion yuan.

Ko te tapeke o te haumitanga o te waka tereina i waenga i ngā tāone me te waka tereina o te tāone ko te 906.9 piriona yuan, arā, ko te 90%. Ko te tauine haumitanga o te 90% ko te rohe he nui te matotoru o te maitai, ā, ko te maha o ngā kaupapa 39 he nui ake i ērā o ētahi atu rohe. E ai ki ngā mōhiohio mai i te Komihana Whakawhanake me te Whakahoutanga ā-Motu, kua eke te whakaaetanga o ngā kaupapa waka tereina i waenga i ngā tāone me ngā tāone nui ki te miriona tāra. E matapaetia ana ka noho tēnei rohe hei pokapū haumitanga ki ngā hanganga hou i runga i te tauine me te rahinga.

Nō reira, ko te "hanganga hou" he whai wāhitanga mō te umanga maitai ki te whakatairanga i tōna ake kounga me te whai huatanga, ā, ka hangaia hoki he pūwāhi tipu hou mō te tono maitai.